8 Key Updates in the Vietnam Nationality Law 2025 Every Overseas Vietnamese Should Know

  Vietnam has revised its nationality law.

On June 24, 2025, the National Assembly passed key updates in the Vietnam Nationality Law that affect how overseas Vietnamese can apply for, confirm, or retain Vietnamese nationality. The revised Vietnam Nationality Law 2025, effective from July 1, 2025, simplifies many procedures while tightening rules in specific areas.

This guide outlines the eight most important changes in Vietnam Nationality Law, provides a step-by-step checklist, answers frequently asked questions, and explains why these changes are happening now.

8 Key Updates in the Vietnam Nationality Law 2025 Every Overseas Vietnamese Should Know

Why Reform Vietnam Nationality Law, and Why Now?

The timing of this legal reform of Vietnam Nationality Law is not accidental. Behind the legislative language lies a deeper reality that Vietnam is entering a new phase in its nation building journey. 

For decades, overseas Vietnamese, although sentimentally embraced as part of the greater Vietnamese family, their legal rights have often been falling in the gap.

The new law seeks to fix that gap which is in line with the policy of the country to look forward (not back).

But beyond cultural reconnection, there are three structural reasons this change of Vietnam Nationality Law became urgent:

1. Vietnam’s economic transition depends on global engagement: To move from manufacturing to innovation, Vietnam needs more than capital, it needs ideas, networks, and know-how. Overseas Vietnamese often sit at that intersection. The Vietnam Nationality Law now sees them not only as returnees but as strategic partners.
2. Demographic pressure is rising: Vietnam’s aging population and tightening labor supply make overseas Vietnamese a valuable resource. The revised Vietnam Nationality Law provides a legal foundation for those who wish to return, not just to retire, but to teach, build, and lead.
3. Geopolitical positioning: In a region shaped by global competition, Vietnam is reinforcing its identity and reach. By clarifying who belongs and under what terms under the revised Vietnam Nationality Law, the country strengthens internal unity and external legitimacy.

Eight Key Legal Updates on Vietnam Nationality Law

Faster pathway for contributors

The Vietnam Nationality Law now offers a simplified naturalisation route for individuals contributing to Vietnam through professional skills or achievements. The five-year residency and financial sufficiency conditions are waived if contributions to national development can be shown.

Dual nationality permitted in special cases

While dual nationality is generally not allowed, the law introduces an exception. If your foreign nationality is considered beneficial to Vietnam, you may.

Single nationality for public service

Those appointed or elected to government, judicial, or military positions must renounce other nationalities and reside in Vietnam full-time.

Easier proof of Vietnamese origin

The Vietnam Nationality Law allows broader documentation to verify Vietnamese ancestry. Family records, community letters, and other evidence may now support applications. This is especially helpful for those without access to older birth certificates in Vietnam or household records.

Name flexibility

Applicants can combine Vietnamese and foreign names on official documents, providing more personal and professional continuity.

Citizenship revocation without appeal

The Vietnam Nationality Law permits nationality to be revoked if obtained by fraud or if national security is compromised. These decisions are final and not subject to judicial review.

Presumed nationality for renounced citizens

Overseas Vietnamese who never officially renounced their nationality are still considered Vietnamese citizens. Confirmation can be obtained via embassies abroad.

Step-by-Step Guide Applying Vietnamese Nationality or Confirming Vietnamese Nationality

Step 1: Check your status

• Have you ever held Vietnamese nationality?
• Did you formally renounce it?
• Are you of Vietnamese descent?

Step 2: Collect your documents

• Proof of ancestry (family book, birth certificate, school records, or community letters)
• Valid passport(s)
• Criminal record card

Step 3: Choose the right pathway

• Confirmation of Vietnamese origin (if never formally renounced)
• Application for nationality (if applying anew)
• Re-acquisition of nationality (if previously renounced)

Step 4: Submit your application

• Via the Vietnamese embassy abroad or in Vietnam at the Ministry of Justice
• Prepare translations and notarised copies where required

Step 5: Wait for decision

• Target: 2-3 weeks once complete dossier is accepted

Step 6: Complete post-approval steps

• ID card or citizen registration
• Update other records and legal documents

Helpful resources:

• Birth Certificate Application
• Criminal Record Guide

FAQs on Applying Vietnamese Nationality or Confirming Vietnamese Nationality

Q1: I have Vietnamese parents but no birth certificate. Can I apply?

Yes. The Vietnam Nationality Law now allows other forms of proof including school records, community letters, or language certificates.

Q2: How do I apply for a criminal record card in Vietnam?

You can apply through the Department of Justice or request assistance via legal representatives.

Q3: Can I keep my foreign passport if I naturalise?

Only with written approval in cases of special contribution to national interests.

Q4: What if I was born in Vietnam but now hold another nationality?

You may still be a Vietnamese citizen unless you formally renounced your nationality. Embassy confirmation is recommended.

Q5: What happens if I submit incorrect documents?

Under the Vietnam Nationality Law, providing false documents may lead to cancellation of citizenship without appeal.

Conclusions

The Vietnam Nationality Law 2025 is not just a legal tool. It is a statement of intent. Vietnam is signaling to overseas Vietnamese that now is the time to reconnect, not only culturally but also legally and structurally.

By removing barriers and clarifying conditions, the government invites overseas Vietnamese to be part of its next chapter for the country that want to look forward (not back).

About ANT Lawyers, a Law Firm in Vietnam

We help clients overcome cultural barriers and achieve their strategic and financial outcomes, while ensuring the best interest rate protection, risk mitigation and regulatory compliance. ANT lawyers has lawyers in Ho Chi Minh city, Hanoi,  and Danang, and will help customers in doing business in Vietnam.

Source: https://antlawyers.vn/nationality/update-vietnam-nationality-law-2025.html

Greenwashing in Vietnam: 5 Legal Triggers That Can Undo Your Deal and How to Fix

  They told you everything was green.

The ESG policy looked right. And you signed the deal. Then the audit report leaked. Then the complaints started flowing.

And you learned the hard way, what looked like sustainability was just storytelling.

The practice of greenwashing in Vietnam is no longer a branding issue. It is a legal and transactional threat. Contracts can collapse. Investment protections can erode. Market access can vanish. And international buyers would walk away.

In here, let’s together bring in a Vietnam lawyer’s view of how greenwashing in Vietnam becomes a legal trap, and how to defuse it using contractual agreements.

We’ll explore five common legal issues hidden in ESG claims, how Vietnamese business culture sometimes complicates these issues, and how to convert ESG risk into legal resilience in Vietnam.

Greenwashing in Vietnam

Greenwashing in Vietnam is a Deal Risk, Not a PR Problem

Sometime ago, environmental talk was just a marketing bonus for ESG for exporters from Vietnam. Today, ESG compliance in Vietnam is made into law, trade agreements, financing conditions, and shareholder expectations. And that is where the real risk lies.

Because once ESG makes its way into a contract clause, it stops being soft. It becomes enforceable.

What might be difficult to notice is that, greenwashing in Vietnam sometimes, it is a selective truth. Highlighting a solar panel, hiding wastewater discharge. Claiming about fair wages, omitting the subcontractor practices. These partial truths form the basis of what lawyers call misrepresentation.

But there is another layer, Vietnamese business culture itself. The emphasis on building trust through relationships, the comfort with informal verbal assurances, and the reluctance to challenge a long-standing partner’s claims, all of these contribute to oversight that ESG claims can go unchallenged. ESG in Vietnam, for many companies, is still seen as branding rather than binding commitment.

How Legal Drafting Can Shield You from ESG Fiction

This is about what happens when things go wrong, and how to protect your deal before the greenwashing in Vietnam headlines hit.

We will discuss our opinions on how to:

• Recognize the different legal faces of greenwashing in Vietnam
• Use Vietnamese civil and commercial law to shift liability
• Consider using clauses that allow you to audit, terminate, and seek indemnity
• Prevent ESG surprises through due diligence
• Navigate cultural sensitivities while reinforcing contractual clarity

It’s ESG insurance, but instead of paperwork, it’s contract.

A Realistic Scenario Investors Face in Vietnam

Imagine this.

You are negotiating a joint venture with a Vietnamese company. Their claim is all materials are eco-certificated.

You invest.

Later, you receive a claim letter from an oversea client because it turns out, only part of the product meets the requirements which make the whole product is subject to ban regulation. The certificates are self-issued.

This is not just greenwashing in Vietnam, it is contractual fraud by omission. And unless your agreements had ESG-specific warranties, your legal options are limited.

Now put in the cultural challenge when your partner insists this was not a big issue and offers to fix it next season. In Vietnamese business culture, preserving the relationship often outweighs immediate compliance. But foreign investors cannot afford that, especially when legal obligations to clients and regulators are clear-cut.

5 Legal Triggers Where ESG Greenwashing in Vietnam Can Undo Your Deal

Let’s break this down into five key areas where greenwashing in Vietnam becomes a live legal trap for investors and business partners.

Misrepresentation and Fraud in Contract Formation

Under the Civil Code of Vietnam, contracts can be annulled if signed based on misinformation or deception. ESG claims that were material to the decision to invest, if later shown to be false, can form legal grounds for damages.

But the problem is ESG representations are often not treated like financial figures, so they’re left vague. And in Vietnamese practice, in many cases, mutual trust may even override written terms unless explicitly challenged.

Breach of Representations and Warranties

Careful drafted Share Purchase Agreement, Jointventure contracts, and supply agreements often include reps and warranties, statements of fact guaranteed by the other party. If ESG claims were included, and later proven false, they can form a breach.

Greenwashing in Vietnam undercuts these promises. But enforcing them may require pushing past the cultural discomfort of confrontation, something Vietnamese parties often resist unless clearly spelled out in the agreement.

Material Adverse Change (MAC) Clauses

You may have inserted a MAC clause for general compliance. But ESG breaches, especially if they result in license suspension, regulatory fines, or reputational damage, can qualify as a “material change” under Vietnamese law.

Without clear contractual timelines, these can delay enforcement and allow ESG risks to accumulate without you knowing in time.

Regulatory Penalties and Public Disclosure

Vietnamese laws like the Law on Environmental Protection, the Law on Advertising, and the Law on Consumer Protection contain strict clauses on misleading environmental claims.

Authorities are increasing scrutiny on sustainability deception. If your partner is caught greenwashing in Vietnam, investigations can halt operations, revoke licenses, and trigger retroactive liabilities, where you, as investor or buyer, get pulled in.

Do not expect a written confession or open admission in Vietnamese culture.

Crosswashing in Vietnam and Selective ESG Reporting

Crosswashing in Vietnam is when a company showcases a single positive ESG initiative, like renewable energy use, but hides parallel abuses, like water pollution.

This creates a legal trap, because even if their reports are technically true, they may be misleading by omission which can be interpreted as deceptive intent under unfair competition law. 

Practical Legal Steps to Protect Against ESG Deception

Step 1: Define ESG in the Contract

Do not just say that the Company shall comply with ESG standards. Define them:

• Refer to Vietnamese laws
• Cite specific international frameworks
• Apply them across the supply chain
• State that these obligations are material, non-negotiable, and subject to inspection

Step 2: Draft the Greenwashing Clause

You need to review the contract and consider the clause which the seller represents that all ESG-related disclosures are materially accurate and complete. Any misrepresentation, whether by commission or omission, shall constitute a material breach, entitling the buyer to terminate and seek indemnity.

This helps make greenwashing in Vietnam is not just reputational, it is actionable.

Step 3: Holdbacks for ESG Milestones

Reserve a portion of payment tied to ESG compliance after some time, verified by third-party audit. This bypasses cultural hesitation to confront and ties ESG to cash flow, something no party ignores.

Step 4: Create Audit Rights with Surprise Inspections

Contracts should allow:

• Unannounced audits
• Document checks
• Worker interviews
• On-site testing

Greenwashing in Vietnam thrives where oversight is passive. This makes it proactive.

Step 5: Conduct ESG Due Diligence Like Financial Due Diligence

• Ask probing questions
• Verify permits
• Speak to employees
• Understand local norms

Sometimes, the red flag is not what is shown, but what is never asked. Do not assume local partners will volunteer bad news.

Make ESG Part of Your Legal and Cultural Intelligence

Greenwashing in Vietnam is no longer subtle. But it is also a cultural puzzle. In a business environment where harmony is prized over confrontation and trust is shown before verification, legal safeguards must do.

You do not need to mistrust your partners. But you do need to put your trust in writing, and back it with audit rights, clear terms, and enforcement paths.

Hence, in conclusion, greenwashing in Vietnam is not just a branding issue, it is a legal and commercial risk that can quietly undermine contracts, investor confidence, and regulatory standing. In a business culture where informal agreements and trust-based relationships are common, vague or misleading ESG claims can slip by unnoticed until it would be too late. The solution is not suspicion, but structure. Clear legal language, enforceable ESG clauses, and practical audit mechanisms can protect your investments. As ESG expectations rise globally, those who anticipate and address these risks legally will lead with resilience, clarity, and compliance in Vietnam’s fast-changing market.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

What defines greenwashing in Vietnam?

When companies exaggerate or misrepresent eco-friendly or ethical practices to influence business decisions, without substantive compliance or transparency.

Are ESG misrepresentations legally actionable?

Misleading green claims violate consumer, advertising, and competition laws. Contracts with ESG warranties also provide legal remedies.

How do you identify greenwashing before contracting?

Ask for permits, audit reports, and third-party certifications. Cross-check claims through site visits and staff interviews.

What is crosswashing?

Crosswashing occurs when companies publicly highlight one green initiative while continuing harmful practices elsewhere.

Can international investors face consequences from local greenwashing?

Investors may lose contracts, face lawsuits, or suffer reputational harm if their partners are exposed for false ESG claims.

About ANT Lawyers, a Law Firm in Vietnam

We help clients overcome cultural barriers and achieve their strategic and financial outcomes, while ensuring the best interest rate protection, risk mitigation and regulatory compliance. ANT lawyers has lawyers in Ho Chi Minh city, Hanoi,  and Danang, and will help customers in doing business in Vietnam.

Source: https://antlawyers.vn/update/greenwashing-in-vietnam-5-legal-triggers.html

5 Critical Reasons How International Trade Dispute Lawyers Save You From Painful Mistakes

  When global trade goes wrong, it is not just about money. 

Many nasty things will tag along. 

For instance, you may lose reputation, your time, and the worst is your peace of mind.

Foreign companies doing business in Vietnam often face unexpected legal challenges. You may have a solid contract. You might even win a case abroad. But once the dispute touches Vietnamese soil, your strategy must change.

How International Trade Dispute Lawyers Save You From Painful Mistakes

Many discover later that Vietnam would not enforce a foreign court’s decision. Had you worked with the international trade dispute lawyers earlier, you would have known otherwise to get the proper support and clarity which your business needs.

In here, you would learn how to avoid common traps, how to respond when disputes arise, and how to protect your long-term interests using local legal insight. Arbitration will also be explored, not as a formality, but as a strategic tool.

Cross-border Disputes Require Cross-border Thinking

Many foreign businesses operate under a false sense of legal security.

You think a contract signed abroad is safe.

You think your home court decision will end the matter.

You think legal systems follow the same logic everywhere.

In Vietnam, the story can be different. While the country is open to global trade and investment, its legal framework has unique characteristics. What works elsewhere may not work here. Contracts need to be drafted with care. Enforcement needs planning. Disputes need local understanding.

Hence, having access to skilled international trade dispute lawyers in Vietnam is more than legal protection, it’s commercial intelligence.

What You Will Gain From Reading

In here we will show you:

1.Why your foreign court ruling may not protect you in Vietnam

2.How arbitration offers a realistic solution for enforceable outcomes

3.Why legal procedures in Vietnam are different from what you expect

4.How local lawyers help resolve disputes without destroying business relationships

5.What steps to take now to avoid painful disputes in the future

And at the end, you would find a practical step-by-step guide to develop a dispute strategy that works in Vietnam’s legal environment.

A Common Story That Hurts Many Businesses

Imagine this a situation below.

You have been trading successfully with a Vietnamese company for some years. Suddenly, a shipment goes wrong. Payment doesn’t arrive. You issue legal warnings. No result. So, you sue them in your home country.

After months in court, you win. The judgment is final.

Then you try to enforce that judgment in Vietnam.

But the Vietnamese court declines to recognize it.

Why? Because Vietnam, while committed to many international agreements, does not automatically accept court decisions made in other countries.

This scenario happens more than you think. And most of it could have been prevented with earlier legal advice from professionals who understand how international trade disputes unfold in Vietnam.

How International Trade Dispute Lawyers Add Value

Let us break down the five ways these professionals help businesses like yours avoid painful errors and find practical solutions.

Understanding Why Foreign Court Judgments Don’t Always Work

Many foreign companies believe their home court judgment will be accepted in Vietnam. In practice, that is often not true. Vietnam generally does not enforce foreign court judgments unless certain bilateral agreements exist. Even then, enforcement can be uncertain.

This is one of the most misunderstood parts of doing international business with Vietnamese partners.

International trade dispute lawyers in Vietnam help you recognize this risk early. They offer alternatives. They plan for enforceability. And they make sure your dispute strategy considers what can actually work under Vietnamese law.

Turning to Arbitration: The Enforceable Path

In contrast to court judgments, arbitration awards are recognized and enforceable in Vietnam. Thanks to international treaties, businesses can use arbitration as a safer and more flexible tool for resolving cross-border disputes.

But choosing arbitration is not enough.

You need to draft the right arbitration clause.

You need to choose the correct governing law.

How about different laws for arbitration clause and the law that govern the contract?

You need to follow procedural rules, so what rules to be used in arbitration?

This is where international trade dispute lawyers prove their worth. They help you structure arbitration properly. They act as your guide from start to finish, and they make sure your award can be enforced, whether inside Vietnam or abroad.

Navigating Vietnam’s Legal Procedures

Vietnamese legal procedures have their own standards.

Filing a petition? You must follow exact rules.

Submitting evidence? You need proper translations and notarization.

Seeking enforcement? You need to go to the right authority, at the right time.

Small errors can lead to major delays or case rejection.

Lawyers who handle international trade disputes in Vietnam are trained to avoid these mistakes. They help you file the right documents, choose the correct venue, and follow Vietnamese law carefully. They also handle communication with local courts and government bodies.

This means fewer delays. Better outcomes. Lower risk.

Helping You Settle Without Destroying Business Relationships

Not every trade dispute needs to go to court or arbitration.

Sometimes, it’s better to talk. To negotiate. To settle in private.

Skilled international trade dispute lawyers in Vietnam know how to approach these situations. They understand both the law and the local business culture. They can act as mediators. They can guide you through informal resolution processes that keep your reputation intact and your business running.

International trade dispute lawyers do not just fight, they build bridges. And for many foreign companies, that is the most valuable outcome.

Preventing Future Disputes With Proper Contracts

The best way to handle a dispute is to avoid it in the first place.

Many problems arise because the original contract is vague, incomplete, or uses boilerplate language that does not match the Vietnam context. Poorly defined terms, missing arbitration clauses, or unclear delivery conditions often cause conflict.

International trade dispute lawyers in Vietnam help you draft better contracts. They review key terms. They localize agreements. They ensure your dispute resolution mechanisms will actually work when needed.

Good contracts today mean fewer disputes tomorrow. And if problems arise, you would be ready.

What You Should Do Next

You do not need to be in a dispute right now to benefit from legal insight. In fact, the best time to think about these issues is before they happen.

Consider this as a starting check list.  Review your current contracts. Think about your partners. Ask yourself: If something went wrong, what would I do? Would I be protected? Would I be able to enforce a judgment in Vietnam?

If the answer is unclear, it’s time to talk to professionals.

The support of experienced international trade dispute lawyers could be the difference between a small disruption and a business disaster. And they can help you plan, not just react.

Step-by-Step Guide: How to Build a Trade Dispute Strategy in Vietnam

Step 1: Review All Existing Contracts

Look at dispute resolution clauses. Are they clear? Is arbitration included? Which law governs?

Step 2: Map Out Jurisdictional Risks

Understand where each party is based and where potential disputes would be handled. Check if foreign court judgments are likely to be enforceable.

Step 3: Evaluate the Relationship and Business Stakes

Is this a one-off transaction or a long-term partner? That affects your approach, whether you negotiate, mediate, or arbitrate.

Step 4: Consult with Vietnamese Legal Professionals

Engage lawyers in Vietnam who understand the local procedures and business environment. Share your documents.

Step 5: Plan for Resolution and Recovery

Decide what your priorities are: speed, cost, enforceability, relationship, confidentiality. Build your dispute approach accordingly.

Step 6: Prepare Evidence Early

Keep records, contracts, delivery logs, payment slips. Make sure these are translated and certified if needed later.

Step 7: Stay Open to Mediation Before Formal Action

Explore private negotiation or facilitated mediation to resolve issues quietly when possible.

Strategic Dispute Handling is Business Protection

Trade disputes happen. But when you are doing business in Vietnam, what matters most is how you respond. Relying on assumptions or foreign court rulings would not work. You need local understanding. You need enforceable tools. And you need a clear plan.

That is where international trade dispute lawyers offer their true value. They protect your interests. They reduce your risks. And they help you turn conflict into clarity.

Before the next shipment is delayed. Before the next payment goes missing. Before the next misunderstanding becomes a lawsuit.

Be ready.

About ANT Lawyers, a Law Firm in Vietnam

We help clients overcome cultural barriers and achieve their strategic and financial outcomes, while ensuring the best interest rate protection, risk mitigation and regulatory compliance. ANT lawyers has lawyers in Ho Chi Minh city, Hanoi,  and Danang, and will help customers in doing business in Vietnam.

Source: https://antlawyers.vn/update/international-trade-dispute-lawyers-save.html